degree of Mitral Regurgitation with Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area (PISA)

What about a little bit of theory before beginning the simulation? >>>

PRACTICE IN THE SIMULATOR

How to perform this examination

1. Run Echocardiography Online Simulator

1. From the List <<Patients>> Choose Patient 8 (User can Choose other patients with mitral regurgitation as well).
2. From the List <<Positions>> Choose Apical 4 Chamber (Apical 4 Chamber view) or find the same position with 3D Transducer.
3. Click the button <<Color>>
4. Click the button <<Freeze>> to freeze image. Click the Button << -||- >> and increase zoom level. Using Slider find the best frame for PISA measerement. The Nyquist Limit is set to 2.5.
5. Click Button <<Calculations>> Click Tab <<MV Reg>> Click Radio Button <<r>> (Calculator EROA by PISA).
6. Click the button <<Line>> measure radius of the PISA.
7. Click the button <<Enter>>.

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Apical 4 Chamber view. Color Doppler. Degree of Mitral Regurgitation by Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area (PISA).

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Apical 4 Chamber view. Color Doppler. Degree of Mitral Regurgitation by Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area (PISA). Zoomed image.

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PISA radius (r)

PRACTICE IN THE SIMULATOR

1. Click the button <<CW>> to start Continuous Wave doppler examination. Place Control Volume Beetwen Mitral Valve Leaflets and Click.
2. In the Tab <<MV Reg>> Click Radio Button <<Vmax>> (Calculator EROA by PISA).
3. Click the button <<Curve>>  place the points around spectrogram of Mitral Regurgitation. See Spectral Doppler Measurements.
4. Click the button <<Enter>>

Click image to enlarge

Apical 4 Chamber view, CW Doppler. Mitral Regurgitation Vmax (maximum velocity) Assessment.