One-Dimensional Examination of the Mitral Valve
For the One-dimensional study of Mitral valve better to use a parasternal approach (the long axis of the heart). The M-modal cursor should be perpendicular to the long axis of the heart and cross the ends of the mitral valve leaflets.
On the display, from top to bottom, we see the following structures:
- AWRV - Anterior wall of the right ventricle.
- RV - Right ventricular cavity.
- IVS - Interventricular septum.
- LV - Left ventricular cavity.
- ALMV - Anterior leaflet of the mitral valve.
- PLMV - Posterior leaflet of the mitral valve.
- PWLV - Posterior wall of the left ventricle.
- PE - Parietal pericardium.
This position makes it possible to study the structure of the mitral valve and the nature of its movement.
In the normal case, there is an M-shaped movement of the anterior leaflet and a W-shaped movement of the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve.
On the curve of the movement of the anterior leaflet, the following sections are distinguished:
- C-D interval - Left ventricular systole and leaflet closure.
- D-E interval - Rapid filling phase and opening of the leaflets.
- E-F interval - Incomplete closing of the leaflets in the slow filling phase.
- A wave - Secondary divergence of the leaflets in left atrial systole.